Overview

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 48 Researches
7.4
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 205 Reviews
8.9
Supplement Facts
Serving Size:   2 Softgels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
20
 
Total Fat
2 g
3%**
Saturated Fat
0.5 g
3%**
Polyunsaturated Fat
1 g
Monounsaturated Fat
0.5 g
Fish Oil Concentrate
2 g (2,000 mg)
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
360 mg
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
240 mg

Top Medical Research Studies

We examined the relationship between plasma omega-3 levels and heart failure (HF), focusing on how this affects mortality in patients with existing HF. Our analysis of the UK Biobank, which included nearly 272,000 participants without HF, showed that higher omega-3 levels were linked to a 21% lower risk of developing HF over nearly 14 years.

For those already diagnosed with HF, higher omega-3 levels significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by around 50%. These findings suggest that boosting omega-3 intake could be beneficial for heart health.
Read More
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects heart rhythm, particularly in the context of high-fat diets. In our study, mice were divided into two groups: one received a high-fat diet, while the other’s diet was supplemented with EPA for eight weeks.

We observed that the mice on a high-fat diet experienced severe heart rhythm issues, such as bradycardia and atrial fibrillation (AF). In contrast, the EPA group showed significantly less AF and better heart function. These results suggest that including EPA in the diet could be a promising strategy to support heart health and reduce the risk of arrhythmias.
Read More
9
High-dose omega-3 improves heart function
We explored how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can help manage heart failure by analyzing 14 randomized controlled trials involving over 9,000 participants.

Our findings revealed that high doses—between 2000 and 4000 mg daily—taken for at least a year, remarkably improved heart function.

However, lower doses or shorter treatment periods didn’t show the same benefits. Notably, there were no increased risks of adverse events or dropout rates in those taking omega-3 compared to control groups.
Read More

Most Useful Reviews

8.8
Improved heart health
Quality product! This fish oil is excellent for health conscious individuals. It provides a good dose of fatty acids and comes from a reputable manufacturer. At 32, I take these capsules for my hair and skin. After various diets, fish oil has been a saviour: my skin is supple, and my hair is less damaged. My parents ordered it for heart disease; my mother, 55, noticed improvement in energy and skin condition. I recommend this product, taking 2 capsules 1-3 times daily with meals. The large capsules are easy to swallow.
Read More
9.5
Heart health improvement
I've been taking this with lecithin, and my heart problems have disappeared, leading to better sleep. At my age (81), staying healthy is crucial; illness disrupts my plans. Given my family's history of longevity, I aim to remain active for my children and grandchildren. I choose Omega-3 and highly recommend it!
Read More
9.5
Women's health boost
The quality is superb, and there are no age restrictions. This Omega 3 is vital for women’s health, notably improving hair condition. It reduces cholesterol and relieves inflammation. I recommend it, especially for heart disease.
Read More

Medical Researches

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 48 Researches
7.4
  • All Researches
We analyzed the impact of different fatty acid-derived acylcarnitines on heart health. The study found that saturated and monounsaturated acylcarnitines, especially trans-elaidoylcarnitine, significantly impaired heart function and mitochondrial activity, leading to cardiotoxicity.

In contrast, omega-3-derived acylcarnitines, like eicosapentaenoylcarnitine and docosahexaenoylcarnitine, were found to be safe, having little to no negative effect on heart function and cell viability. Overall, this research suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may be a safer option for those facing cardiac challenges.
Read More
9
High-dose omega-3 improves heart function
We explored how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can help manage heart failure by analyzing 14 randomized controlled trials involving over 9,000 participants.

Our findings revealed that high doses—between 2000 and 4000 mg daily—taken for at least a year, remarkably improved heart function.

However, lower doses or shorter treatment periods didn’t show the same benefits. Notably, there were no increased risks of adverse events or dropout rates in those taking omega-3 compared to control groups.
Read More
We examined the relationship between plasma omega-3 levels and heart failure (HF), focusing on how this affects mortality in patients with existing HF. Our analysis of the UK Biobank, which included nearly 272,000 participants without HF, showed that higher omega-3 levels were linked to a 21% lower risk of developing HF over nearly 14 years.

For those already diagnosed with HF, higher omega-3 levels significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by around 50%. These findings suggest that boosting omega-3 intake could be beneficial for heart health.
Read More
9
Omega-3 benefits African Americans’ heart health
We observed that the role of omega-3 fatty acids in heart health showed promising results specifically for African Americans. By comparing matched groups from the VITAL trial, we found that omega-3 supplementation significantly reduced the risk of myocardial infarction in African Americans, while no such benefit was seen in non-Hispanic whites.

This suggests that genetic or lifestyle factors may influence the effectiveness of these supplements. Our findings highlight the importance of further research to better understand how race affects responses to omega-3 supplementation.
Read More
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on heart disease through a significant study known as the VITAL trial. This study involved nearly 26,000 older adults in the U.S. and aimed to determine the effects of daily EPA supplementation on cardiovascular events over an average follow-up of 5.3 years.

Initially, the results from VITAL seemed to show that omega-3 supplementation had no significant effect on major cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. However, by applying Bayesian methods and considering prior research in the field, we observed a more nuanced outcome. Our analysis suggested that taking EPA regularly could significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease events, while not showing similar benefits for stroke.

This finding supports the use of omega-3 fatty acids as a preventive measure for heart health, especially regarding coronary events. Although we didn't find evidence of a benefit for all types of cardiovascular events, the enhanced understanding gained from this reanalysis contributes valuable insights for both clinicians and patients considering omega-3 supplementation for heart disease prevention.
Read More

User Reviews

USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 205 Reviews
8.9
  • All Reviews
  • Positive Reviews
  • Negative Reviews
8.8
Improved heart health
Quality product! This fish oil is excellent for health conscious individuals. It provides a good dose of fatty acids and comes from a reputable manufacturer. At 32, I take these capsules for my hair and skin. After various diets, fish oil has been a saviour: my skin is supple, and my hair is less damaged. My parents ordered it for heart disease; my mother, 55, noticed improvement in energy and skin condition. I recommend this product, taking 2 capsules 1-3 times daily with meals. The large capsules are easy to swallow.
Read More
9.5
Heart health improvement
I've been taking this with lecithin, and my heart problems have disappeared, leading to better sleep. At my age (81), staying healthy is crucial; illness disrupts my plans. Given my family's history of longevity, I aim to remain active for my children and grandchildren. I choose Omega-3 and highly recommend it!
Read More
9.5
Women's health boost
The quality is superb, and there are no age restrictions. This Omega 3 is vital for women’s health, notably improving hair condition. It reduces cholesterol and relieves inflammation. I recommend it, especially for heart disease.
Read More
9.5
Immunity enhancement
Omega-3 is vital for heart and brain health, participating in metabolism and immunity. After my illness, I increased my intake of vitamins and omega-3s. I trust this brand’s quality and recommend it.
Read More
9.5
Great results
This Omega 3 is excellent for several reasons: price, taste, quality, and visible results. It offers numerous nutrients in convenient packaging and benefits my health, hair, and heart. I recommend it without reservations.
Read More

Frequently Asked Questions

Heart disease refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart's function and overall health. This umbrella term includes various cardiovascular issues such as coronary artery disease, which is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and heart defects present at birth (congenital heart defects). Additionally, heart disease encompasses conditions related to the heart muscle, such as cardiomyopathy, and the heart's valves, which might not open or close properly. The effects of heart disease can be significant, impacting not only physical health but also quality of life, making prevention and timely medical intervention crucial.

Several risk factors contribute to the development of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, and smoking. Genetics also play a role, as heart disease can run in families. To mitigate the risks, healthcare professionals typically recommend lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. For those already diagnosed with heart disease, treatment options can vary widely, ranging from lifestyle modifications to medications and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Understanding the nature of heart disease and its risk factors is an essential step toward prevention and effective management.

Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.

Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.

Omega-3 fish oil has long been touted for its potential heart health benefits, and there is a growing body of research that supports its positive role in cardiovascular health. Omega-3 fatty acids—primarily EPA and DHA, found in fish oil—are known to help reduce inflammation, lower triglyceride levels, and may improve arterial function. Studies suggest that regular consumption of omega-3s can lead to a modest reduction in the risk of heart disease, particularly for those with existing cardiovascular conditions or elevated risk factors.

However, it's essential to note that while omega-3 fish oil can be beneficial, it should not be seen as a standalone treatment for heart disease. It's most effective when used in conjunction with a heart-healthy lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and other preventative measures. As always, it's recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially for individuals with existing health issues or those on medication. Keep in mind that the effectiveness can vary from person to person, depending on individual health profiles and dietary needs.

Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported improvements in heart health and overall well-being after taking Omega-3 supplements, usually within a timeframe ranging from a few weeks to several months. For example, one user noted significant improvements in heart symptoms within three weeks of use (Read Review). Others stated that they observed positive changes after one year of consistent supplementation, particularly in areas like skin and cardiovascular health (Read Review).

While the exact timeline for results might vary from person to person, numerous users emphasize that regular intake can lead to visible benefits, including lower cholesterol levels and improved energy (Read Review). Overall, it appears that with consistent usage and taking the right dosage, users can experience enhancements to their heart health relatively quickly, although individual responses may differ.

The supplement in question, specifically omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is strongly supported by scientific research as beneficial for heart disease. Numerous studies indicate that higher intake levels of these omega-3s are associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes. For instance, the VITAL trial involving nearly 26,000 older adults suggested regular supplementation with EPA can significantly lower the risk of coronary heart disease events ([33]). Similarly, a systematic review highlighted that both EPA and DHA can lead to improved heart function and lower triglyceride levels, which is a key risk factor for heart disease ([37]).

Moreover, research underscores the protective role of EPA specifically against sudden cardiac death and cardiovascular mortality ([35]). Studies have also shown that omega-3 supplementation can improve lipid profiles and reduce inflammation, another important factor in cardiovascular health. However, while there are many promising findings, some studies suggest potential risks at higher dosages, particularly regarding arrhythmias ([1]). Overall, the body of research collectively supports omega-3 fatty acids as a beneficial supplement for heart health, particularly for those at risk of heart disease.

According to user reviews, individuals have reported a diverse array of improvements in their health after incorporating Omega-3 supplements into their routines. Many users experiencing heart health issues have noted significant benefits, including reduced heart-related symptoms and improved energy levels. For instance, one reviewer mentions that their heart problems have disappeared, leading to better sleep and overall well-being (Read Review). Another user experienced lower cholesterol levels after consistent use, providing a practical insight into its cholesterol-lowering effects (Read Review).

Beyond cardiovascular benefits, Omega-3 has received positive remarks for its impact on skin and hair health. Users have reported improvements in skin suppleness and hair condition, making it a popular choice among health-conscious individuals (Read Review). Moreover, several reviewers cited enhancements in cognitive function and mood regulation, attributing these benefits to the presence of vital fatty acids in their diets (Read Review). Overall, while individual results naturally vary, the consistency of positive feedback highlights Omega-3's potential to enhance multiple aspects of health, making it a compelling supplement for many users.

Based on user reviews, individuals have expressed positive experiences when combining Omega-3 supplements with other products to manage heart disease. For example, one user, at the age of 81, reported that taking Omega-3 alongside lecithin significantly improved their heart problems, leading to better sleep and overall health (Read Review). This trend continues across multiple reviews, where users have noted improvements in heart health and cholesterol levels when integrating Omega-3 with a balanced regimen of vitamins and other supplements (Read Review).

Moreover, several reviews highlight that Omega-3 is not only effective on its own but also enhances the efficacy of other vitamins and supplements, contributing to better heart health and overall well-being. For instance, one reviewer mentioned positive effects on heart health and cognitive abilities when combined with various vitamins, demonstrating the potential synergistic benefits (Read Review). This underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to supplementation for those looking to alleviate heart disease symptoms effectively.

According to recent research, the optimal dose for omega-3 fish oil in managing heart disease ranges between 2000 and 4000 mg daily. A comprehensive analysis of randomized controlled trials indicated that such high doses, taken consistently over at least a year, yielded significant improvements in heart function for patients dealing with heart failure ([34]). This conclusion was supported by several studies that demonstrated enhancements in cardiac metrics like left ventricular ejection fraction, which is crucial for assessing heart performance.

Moreover, these high doses of omega-3 were associated with no increased risks for adverse events or dropout rates among participants, suggesting a robust safety profile ([3]). While lower doses or shorter treatment periods did not exhibit similar benefits, the consistency in findings across various studies advocates for these higher daily intakes as a viable approach in heart disease management. Therefore, if you're considering omega-3 supplementation for heart health, aiming for that 2000 to 4000 mg range may be ideal.

9.5
Good for inflammation
Excellent supplement! It positively affects vision, sperm condition, and reduces inflammation. Although omega-3 capsules are not a miracle cure for heart disease, I’ve experienced good effects over three weeks. I recommend it!
9.5
Essential omega-3 benefits
Don’t hesitate; just take it! Omega-3 deficiency is significant due to diet changes. This brand offers effective doses of DHA and EPA. I’ve noticed improvements in my skin and ECG results after one year of use alongside other supplements. Start caring for your health early!
7.5
Reduced cholesterol
One of my favourite Omega 3s, offering great quality. I've been taking 6 capsules daily and feel significantly better, including lower cholesterol levels. For those with heart problems, I find 3 grams of Omega 3 (EPA and DHA) is essential to lower "bad" cholesterol. Be sure to check the Omega 3 content in capsules, especially if experiencing side effects from fish oil. If my review was helpful, please click Yes. Thank you!
9.5
Heart health improvement
I've been taking this with lecithin, and my heart problems have disappeared, leading to better sleep. At my age (81), staying healthy is crucial; illness disrupts my plans. Given my family's history of longevity, I aim to remain active for my children and grandchildren. I choose Omega-3 and highly recommend it!
8.8
Improved heart health
Quality product! This fish oil is excellent for health conscious individuals. It provides a good dose of fatty acids and comes from a reputable manufacturer. At 32, I take these capsules for my hair and skin. After various diets, fish oil has been a saviour: my skin is supple, and my hair is less damaged. My parents ordered it for heart disease; my mother, 55, noticed improvement in energy and skin condition. I recommend this product, taking 2 capsules 1-3 times daily with meals. The large capsules are easy to swallow.
7.5
Improved mood
I really appreciated Omega from Now Foods for its price-quality ratio and a solid dosage. These fatty acids boost heart health, enhance joint mobility, and improve brain function. They also help regulate serotonin, contributing to a better mood and increased performance. The skin feels nourished, and hair is less prone to splitting. I recommend taking 2 capsules 1-3 times daily with meals. While the capsules are large, they are easy to swallow. Here's to good health for everyone!
8.8
Improved heart health
He took this in addition to other vitamins for his heart health and blood vessels, and it performed admirably. I also noticed improvements in cognitive abilities. I recommend it to all athletes and intellectual workers.
8
Omega-3s may reduce coronary risk
We explored the impact of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on heart disease via the large-scale VITAL study. This trial involved over 25,000 older adults in the U.S. who were monitored for about 5.3 years to assess how omega-3 FA supplementation influences cardiovascular events.

Although the findings from the VITAL trial indicated no significant results for major cardiovascular events, our analysis employing Bayesian methods suggested a different story. By incorporating previous research evidence, we found that daily supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids appears to significantly lower the risk of coronary events like heart attacks. However, it's important to note that this effect did not extend to reducing the risk of stroke.

Overall, this reevaluation supports the idea that omega-3 fatty acids, including DHA, could play a meaningful role in heart health, especially for preventing coronary-related issues. While the trial didn't show an impact on all aspects of heart disease, the results regarding coronary events provide valuable insights for the use of omega-3s in primary prevention strategies.
8
DHA shows promise for heart health
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, affects cardiovascular health by reviewing various studies that compared DHA to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Our analysis included 24 publications from nine randomized controlled trials that provided insights into the separate effects of these two fatty acids.

DHA has been shown to lower triglyceride levels and possibly has a more significant impact on raising high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is considered protective for the heart. Interestingly, while DHA appears to increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, it also increases the size of LDL particles, making them less likely to contribute to heart disease.

Furthermore, we observed that DHA demonstrates better results than EPA in reducing heart rate and lowering blood pressure. Both DHA and EPA have beneficial effects on platelet function, reducing the risk of clotting, and they also worked to lower markers of inflammation.

Notably, the effects on blood glucose levels were inconsistent, indicating that more research is needed. Overall, while there are promising benefits of DHA regarding various cardiovascular risk factors, the study suggests a need for further high-quality research to understand its impacts fully.
9
DHA linked to reduced heart risks
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, might help reduce the risk of heart disease, specifically sudden cardiac death (SCD) and cardiovascular mortality. Our investigation drew on data from ten prospective cohort studies involving over 310,000 participants and covered an average follow-up of nearly nine years.

The results were promising. We observed that higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, including DHA, in the blood were associated with a lower risk of adverse heart events. Specifically, individuals with elevated levels of DHA displayed a notable reduced risk for both SCD and overall cardiovascular mortality when compared to those with lower levels.

This correlation highlights DHA's potential role in heart health, making it an important focus for anyone looking to improve their cardiovascular wellness. Our findings suggest that increasing DHA intake could serve as a proactive step in protecting against serious heart conditions.
9
Docosahexaenoic acid benefits heart health
We aimed to understand how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a form of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), could benefit patients suffering from heart failure. Our investigation drew on a network meta-analysis that included data from 14 randomized controlled trials, comprising 9,075 participants. This analysis focused particularly on the effects of DHA and other omega-3s on heart health metrics.

The findings revealed that high doses of omega-3 PUFA supplementation, specifically between 2000 to 4000 mg daily for at least one year, significantly improved heart function. We observed notable enhancements in the left ventricular ejection fraction and peak oxygen consumption, crucial indicators of heart performance, when compared to control groups.

Interestingly, lower doses and shorter periods of supplementation did not yield the same positive results. Importantly, we found no significant increase in dropout rates or overall mortality among those taking omega-3 PUFAs compared to those who were not. This suggests that high-dose DHA supplementation can enhance cardiac function without raising safety concerns.

Overall, our research indicates that long-term, high-dose DHA can be a beneficial strategy in managing heart failure. However, we recognize that further well-designed trials with stringent criteria are needed to validate these findings fully.
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects heart rhythm, particularly in the context of high-fat diets. In our study, mice were divided into two groups: one received a high-fat diet, while the other’s diet was supplemented with EPA for eight weeks.

We observed that the mice on a high-fat diet experienced severe heart rhythm issues, such as bradycardia and atrial fibrillation (AF). In contrast, the EPA group showed significantly less AF and better heart function. These results suggest that including EPA in the diet could be a promising strategy to support heart health and reduce the risk of arrhythmias.

References

  1. Liepinsh E, Gukalova B, Krims-Davis K, Kuka J, Leduskrasta A, et al. EPA and DHA acylcarnitines are less cardiotoxic than are saturated and monounsaturated long-chain acylcarnitines. Biofactors. 2025;51:e70014. doi:10.1002/biof.70014
  2. Xu J, Peng T, Kong L, Wei N. A global analysis of the burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to diet low in ω-3 fatty acids between 1990 and 2021. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025;25:188. doi:10.1186/s12872-025-04620-z
  3. Horii K, Ono K, Sumi T, Higashihara M, Zaima N, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial electrocardiographic impairments and atrial fibrillation in high fat diet mice. J Physiol Sci. 2025;75:100014. doi:10.1016/j.jphyss.2025.100014
  4. Dawczynski C, Drobner T, Weidauer T, Schlattmann P, Kiehntopf M, et al. Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors by the diet - Evaluation of the MoKaRi concept by a parallel-designed randomized study. Lipids Health Dis. 2025;24:88. doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02500-1
  5. Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
  6. Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Liang CS, Stubbs B, et al. The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2025;16:100366. doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100366
  7. Hemmati R, Bahrami Zanjanbar D, Shishesaz MI, Soleimani A, Yari T. The impact of Omega-3 supplementation on arrhythmia reduction in acute coronary syndrome patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Complement Integr Med. 2025;22:173. doi:10.1515/jcim-2024-0427
  8. Wang Y, Wu G, Wang Y, Rehman A, Yu L, et al. Recent developments, challenges, and prospects of dietary omega-3 PUFA-fortified foods: Focusing on their effects on cardiovascular diseases. Food Chem. 2025;470:142498. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142498
  9. Jawad MA, O'Keefe JH, Tintle N, O'Keefe EL, Franco WG, et al. Association of Plasma Omega-3 Levels With Incident Heart Failure and Related Mortalities. Mayo Clin Proc. 2024;99:1895. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.08.007
  10. Lee YQ, Tan KH, Chong MF. Biomarkers of PUFA and cardiovascular risk factors and events in healthy Asian populations: a systematic review. Br J Nutr. 2024;132:1474. doi:10.1017/S0007114524002708
  11. Li J, Nan W, Huang X, Meng H, Wang S, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy. EMBO Rep. 2024;25:5507. doi:10.1038/s44319-024-00271-x
  12. Ryuno Y, Kobayashi JI, Fujimoto Y, Dotare T, Matsue Y, et al. Effect of an Enteral Formula Enriched With ω-3 Fatty Acids, Carnitine, and Vitamin D on Body Weight, Heart Weight, and Blood Biochemical Parameters in a Dahl Rat Heart Failure Model. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2024;84:590. doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000001637
  13. Sun S, Hara A, Johnstone L, Hallmark B, Watkins JC, et al. Optimal Pair Matching Combined with Machine Learning Predicts a Significant Reduction in Myocardial Infarction Risk in African Americans Following Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16172933
  14. Ahmadi M, Askari VR, Shahri B, Mousavi Noghab SM, Jarahi L, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids effectively mitigate high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) biomarker of inflammation in acute myocardial infarction patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025;398:881. doi:10.1007/s00210-024-03330-1
  15. Chen HC, Tai CJ, Huang JY, Kuo TA, Huang YD, et al. Associations of fish oil with cardiovascular disease events: results from the Taiwan longitudinal study in aging. BMC Public Health. 2024;24:1979. doi:10.1186/s12889-024-19512-8
  16. Yu Y, Gao M, Xu H. Ginger Extract and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation: A Promising Strategy to Improve Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Physiol Res. 2024;73:351.
  17. Hamaya R, Cook NR, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Manson JE. A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.02.028
  18. Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
  19. Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Liang CS, Stubbs B, et al. The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2025;16:100366. doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100366
  20. Patil T, Gregory M, Savona N, Jarmukli N, Leonard CE. Evaluating the Real-World Safety of Icosapent Ethyl Versus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Nationwide US Veterans Cohort: Examining Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding Endpoints. Clin Drug Investig. 2025;45:69. doi:10.1007/s40261-024-01417-4
  21. Kim JY, Kong SYJ, Jung E, Cho YS. Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Potential Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2024;14. doi:10.3390/jcm14010026
  22. Capece U, Gugliandolo S, Morciano C, Avolio A, Splendore A, et al. Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake: Current Outlook and Perspectives for a Novel, Nutritionally Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factor. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16244318
  23. Fukuda T, Nakajima T, Hasegawa T, Amano H, Arikawa T, et al. Relationship Between Serum ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentration and Fatty Acid Fraction of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Cureus. 2024;16:e73417. doi:10.7759/cureus.73417
  24. O'Keefe EL, O'Keefe JH, Abuissa H, Metzinger M, Murray E, et al. Omega-3 and Risk of atrial fibrillation: Vagally-mediated double-edged sword. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2024. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2024.11.003
  25. Li J, Nan W, Huang X, Meng H, Wang S, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy. EMBO Rep. 2024;25:5507. doi:10.1038/s44319-024-00271-x
  26. Choi GY, Calder PC. The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1423228. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1423228
  27. Amangurbanova M, Daher R, Asbeutah AA, Vemuri B, Mirza H, et al. Higher epicardial adipose tissue volume is associated with higher coronary fatty plaque volume and is regulated by waist circumference but not EPA+DHA supplementation. J Clin Lipidol. 2024;18:e773. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2024.06.006
  28. Kumakura H, Funada R, Matsuo Y, Iwasaki T, Nakashima K, et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Level Predicts Long-Term Survival and Cardiovascular or Limb Event in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Ann Vasc Dis. 2024;17:135. doi:10.3400/avd.oa.23-00079
  29. Xiao Y, Chen Y, Pietzner A, Elbelt U, Fan Z, et al. Circulating Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels in Coronary Heart Disease: Pooled Analysis of 36 Observational Studies. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16111610
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